Anti-inflammatory Properties of Crude Extracts from Eragrostis tremula Roots
Kenneth Akpah Okoro
Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Science, College of Medical Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi, Nigeria.
Mudathir Qossim
*
Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Science, College of Medical Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi, Nigeria.
Abdullahi Ali
Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Science, College of Medical Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi, Nigeria.
Maryam Adamu Bapha
Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Science, College of Medical Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi, Nigeria.
Zakari Nusayba Dambam
Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Science, College of Medical Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi, Nigeria.
Bawa Halima
Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, College of Medical Sciences Abubakar Tafawa Balwa University Bauchi, Nigeria.
Abdurrahman Ahmad Sadiq
Department of Histopathology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Science, College of Medical Sciences Abubakar Tafawa Balwa University Bauchi, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: The present study evaluates the anti-inflammatory activities of crude extracts obtained from the roots of Eragrostis tremula using in-vivo experimental models.
Study Design: This study employed randomized, controlled in-vivo experiment; the anti-inflammatory activity of crude Eragrostis tremula root extracts was tested in healthy Sprague Dawley rat (SD rat). Our experimental rats were randomly divided into control and extract-treated groups. The efficacy was determined using standard acute and sub-acute inflammation models, with group outcomes analyzed statistically for significant differences.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of medical microbiology and immunology, faculty of basic clinical science, college of medical sciences. Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi, between May 2025 and January 2026.
Methodology: LD50 determination and Acute toxicity, 20 Adult SD rats weighing (150-200g) were obtained and categorized into four groups with three rats in a group, apart from group which was the control, every other group was administered with 1600mg/Kg, 2900mg/kg and 5000mg/Kg respectively with crude extract, one rat per day for 3days observed for 14days and then euthanized. In sub-chronic toxicity, the same numbers of rats and groups were used but were induced with 50mg/kg, 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg, respectively for a period of twenty-eight days before euthanized. Neutrophil, Monocyte, lymphocyte was evaluated.
Results: This current study shows that Eragrostis tremula ethanolic root extract may exhibit immunostimulant potentials, thus may be used to treat inflammatory and swallowing digitations. Neutrophil count decreased in group 1 and 3 when compared with the control group but not statistically significant (P> 0.05).
Conclusion: Eragrostis tremula root extract is non-toxic in SD rats and has an effect of Neutrophil count level decrease in the animal but not statistically significant. Although Lymphocyte count increased and statistically insignificant.
Keywords: Eragrostis- tremula, anti-inflammatory, neutrophil, monocyte, lymphocyte toxicity, SD rats