Ex vivo Antiplasmodial Activity of Plant Extracts Used in Traditional Medicine in Côte d’ivoire
K. D. Tano *
Départment of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, University Félix Houphouët Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire and Malaria Research and Control Centre (CRLP), National Institute of Public Health, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire and Malarialogy Unit, Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Pasteur Institute, Côte d’Ivoire
W. Yavo
Départment of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, University Félix Houphouët Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire and Malaria Research and Control Centre (CRLP), National Institute of Public Health, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
J. N. D. Trebissou
Pharmacodynamics Biochemical Laboratory, UFR of Biosciences, University Félix Houphouët Boigny, Côte d’Ivoire
A. T. Offianan
Malarialogy Unit, Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Pasteur Institute, Côte d’Ivoire
M. T. Dable
Malaria Research and Control Centre (CRLP), National Institute of Public Health, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
A. M. Amiah
Malaria Research and Control Centre (CRLP), National Institute of Public Health, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
E. I. H. Menan
Départment of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, University Félix Houphouët Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
A. J. Djaman
Pharmacodynamics Biochemical Laboratory, UFR of Biosciences, University Félix Houphouët Boigny, Côte d’Ivoire
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
In view of increased resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to almost all conventional antimalarial drugs, it has become necessary to search for new classes of molecules from traditional medicinal plants. Indeed, the best antimalarial drugs for which there are fewer cases of resistance today are derived from medicinal plants (quinine, artemisinin and its derivatives). In this study we evaluated ex vivo effectiveness of various extracts of Terminalia glaucescens and Erigeron floribundus on the growth of P. falciparum isolates sensitive or resistant to amodiaquine according to the optical version of the WHO microtest. Aqueous extracts activity of various organs of plants was first measured and then three organic extracts of each part of plant.
Leaves and roots aqueous extracts of T. glaucescens were the most active and showed respectively IC50s mean values of 2.69 µg/ml and 0.99 µg/ml on amodiaquine-sensitive isolates (AQ-S) and 2.74 µg/ml and 1.56 µg/ml on amodiaquine-resistant isolate (AQ-R).
Moreover with regards to the organic extracts, methanol extracts of leaves and roots of T. glaucescens showed the best activity with respective IC50s average values of 2.69 µg/ml and 1.39 µg/ml on isolates AQ-S.
The high antiplasmodial activity showed by extracts of T. glaucescens would favor their use as candidates for the development of improved traditional antimalarial drugs.
Keywords: Plasmodium falciparum, ex vivo, Terminalia glaucescens, Erigeron floribundus