Antibacterial Activity and Phytochemical Screening of Mangifera indica (Mango) Stem and Leaf Extracts on Clinical Isolates of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
S. U. Diso
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Technology, Kano, Nigeria
M. Ali *
Department of Microbiology, Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil, Nigeria
S. I. Mukhtar
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Technology, Kano, Nigeria
M. Garba
Department of Microbiology, Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil, Nigeria
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background: Medicinal plants have been sources of a number of important compounds which have been discovered during last century. In the light of their established therapeutic efficacy, the pharmaceutical industries are using crude extracts of medicinal plants for manufacturing drugs.
Aim: The study was conducted to investigate the antimicrobial activities of Mangifera indica (leaves and stem) and its major antimicrobial constituents (phytochemicals).
Methodology: The aqueous and chloroform extracts from the leaves and stem of the plant was tested using well diffusion method for their antimicrobial activity against Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from wound, skin and urine samples of patients attending Muhammad Abdullah Wase specialist Hospital, Kano.
Results: The result shows that some extracts were active against the microorganisms tasted. Statistical analysis of the result shows that the extracts demonstrated antibacterial activity against the isolates tested with the highest zone of inhibition of 16 mm, 14 mm, 17 mm, 15 mm and 15.00 mm for the five isolates used respectively. The chloroform extracts of the plant showed higher zones of inhibition compared to aqueous extracts. Preliminary phytochemical analyses of the plant showed that both stem and leaf extracts contain alkaloids, tannins, terpenoid, Anthraquinones, reducing sugar, amino acid, flavonoids, steroid, saponins, cardiac glycosides, resin and phenols.
Conclusion: Mangifera indica can be used as antibacterial agent against Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
Keywords: Mangifera indica, phytochemicals, antibacterial activity, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, well diffusion